They reported a different localisation for a GFP-tagged barley caleosin (HvClo1-GFP) and RFP-tagged oleosin (HvOle-RFP) in leaf epidermal cells after six hours post-transformation.
Although this distinction is difficult to make at stage 5, lateral localisation was distinguishable from an apical/junctional localisation for a few insertions at stages 6 to 10 (supplementary material Table S4): two insertions in disc-large (dlg), and single insertions in hu li tai shao (hts) (stage 5 shown in Fig. 4I-K‴), tropomodulin and an uncharacterised gene, CG42748.
In silico protein localisation predicted a cytosolic localisation for VvCCD1 and a plastidial localisation for VvCCD4a and VvCCD4b (Additional file 4).
The significance of a nuclear localisation for AR has not been addressed although the presence of a nuclear localisation sequence in the AR protein has been noted and AR shows the ability to interact with nuclear proteins [ 57].
This could be because removal of the C-terminus increases the transport rate of AtHMA4, or it could result in a different localisation for the AtHMA4-trunc protein compared to the AtHMA4-FL, which could be sufficient to alter the tolerance conferred without any change in transport rate.
Confocal images also showed a nuclear localisation for HPLF-YFP (Figs. 2, 5, 6).
In contrast, fractionation studies in the yeast, S. cerevisiae, revealed a cytosolic localisation for TA [ 38].
Some transcription factors are regulated by sequestration in the cytoplasm, NFêB for example [15], and a cytoplasmic localisation for Oct-6 has previously been reported in Schwann cells.
In situ hybridisation demonstrated a dispersed localisation for the majority of BAC clones on wheat chromosomes (as in the case of BAC_2383A24), which can be explained by the fact that BAC clones contain various TEs with disperse genomic localisations [ 50].
The requirement for a cytoplasmic localisation for the anti-apoptotic effect of Bag-1 was demonstrated by the overexpression of Bag-1S tagged with a nuclear localisation sequence (localised entirely in the nucleus) which failed to protect against apoptosis (Townsend et al, 2004).
