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For example, in honeybees the silk proteins self-assemble into coiled coils, which form filaments that congregate into fibrils, which then organise into tactoids forming a liquid crystal solution with the crystals aligned in the direction of flow through the spinneret [12].
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The anisotropic isotropic transition, where intramolecular helix coil transition was coupled, was observed for the PBLG liquid crystal solution prepared, at room temperature, with either a decrease in temperature or an increase in acid content.
The information on PBLG molecular conformation provided by IR determinations indicates that in the acid mediated liquid crystal solution, the PBLG side chain may become flexible while the helix backbone remains stable prior to the helix coil transition.
In the solution, the viruses align themselves like a liquid crystal, says Lee.
For instance, the concentrated protein solution that is extruded by a spider to generate silk is, in fact, a liquid crystal phase.
Inset: representation of a liquid crystal.
Thread-like nanofibrillar scaffolds with porous structure were fabricated from aligned-braided membranes generated under shear from liquid crystal collagen solution.
But by looking at each protein as if it were a spherical cow with sticky patches, Charbonneau said scientists could learn more about the standard set of interactions that transform proteins from a liquid solution into crystals.
Now a prototype liquid crystal display may challenge those expectations.
Other well-known examples of liquid crystals are solutions of soap and various related detergents, as well as the tobacco mosaic virus.
The chiral molecules with rigid molecular shape can function as chiral inducers (chiral dopant) to prepare cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) electrolyte solutions.
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