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The gambling policy in Finland is based on a licensed system of monopoly with three operators.
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In order to define an interference threshold which is predetermined by a practical licensed system (considering the absence of a standard interference threshold for CR system, we have derived it using a tolerable capacity loss for the primary system), we assume that the received primary signal in PBS always has a desired " ".
In this study two different metrics are used: the maximum throughput served by the eNodeB with full-buffer UEs and the collision ratio that models the probability that the LTE-A activity interferes with the licensed system.
Cognitive radio (CR) has been considered as a viable technique to improve the utilization of spectral resources in a licensed (primary) system [1].
The cognitive radios share the available spectrum with a licensed primary system (PS) and have the responsibility not to adversely affect the PS user operation by causing interference.
"Unlike Aereo, Cablevision operates a licensed cable system that retransmits content to subscribers pursuant to agreements with content providers," Cablevision said.
Similar rates to the aggressive strategy are achieved with the soft criterion, but with an evident reduction of the number of collisions with the licensed system, even lower than those achieved with the conservative strategy.
The goal of the CR is to enhance spectral efficiency by overlaying a new mobile radio system on an existing one without requiring any changes to the actual licensed system, or we can say that the goal of CR is to promote the efficient use of the spectrum by sensing the existence of spectrum holes.
"This trend is troubling for existing outdoor farmers hoping to enter California's imminent licensed system.
The final goal of this proposal is to determine the spectrum occupancy of the licensed system.
(3) SUs in the secondary cell are synchronized, and SBS can perfectly sense the free bands of the licensed system.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com