The phrase "a large challenge when" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to introduce a situation or context where a significant difficulty arises.
Example: "There is a large challenge when trying to implement new technology in an established organization."
Alternatives: "a significant obstacle when" or "a major difficulty when".
The enormous potential for genetic applications has created an equally large challenge when it comes to processing, sharing, and analyzing the petabytes of data being generated by cheaper and more efficient machines.
The larger challenge when designing for an extended pulsewidth is ensuring that the system has enough output power available over the course of the pulse.
A large challenge facing StackSocial is maintaining consistency in users.
Volume refers to the amount of data, and there certainly can be a Big Data challenge when large amounts of data pose challenges to processing with traditional computing or techniques (which is also referred to as "Big Volume").
However, computing time remains a major challenge when a large model is calibrated using optimization techniques.
The simultaneous evaluation of cell growth and target protein quantification without disturbing the actual cultivation process is a huge challenge when screening large numbers of cultures in parallel and producing recombinant proteins on a large-scale.
The determination of residual stress in engineering materials with large grains is a challenge when it comes to using diffraction techniques.
Also, one issue that must be addressed prior to recommending pan-ethnic carrier screening is the development of educational materials as this becomes a major challenge when testing for a large number of genes associated with a number of different diseases.
This limitation makes follow-up experiments a challenge when relatively large numbers of cells are needed, as in DNase-Seq experiments (Shibata et al. 2012) or when carrying out physiological challenge experiments in vitro.
WTP analysis for the large number of air toxics creates a challenge when using a damage-function approach to assess benefits, as it requires a dose response relationship for each HAP.
Turns out, Amazon had a significant challenge when it came to large bulky items with low inventory turnover, and were seeking a partner.
