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The ERK pathway has been extensively characterized and is the most understood of the MAPK pathways (Denhardt 1996) and is a key pathway of carcinogenesis (Roberts and Der 2007).
The extracellular receptor kinase (ERK) pathway has been extensively characterized, is the most understood of the MAPK pathways (Denhardt 1996), and is a key pathway of carcinogenesis (Roberts and Der 2007).
Thus our data show that a methylation change found in adult smokers and implicated as functionally important in AHRR, a gene involved in a key pathway of response to tobacco smoke components, is already present at birth in newborns due to maternal smoking in pregnancy.
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Paraglottic spread is also a key pathway for spread of false cord and aryepiglottic fold tumours.
Many of these studies have focused on Shh/Patched signaling, a key pathway in the development of medulloblastoma.
Sub-optimal physical growth has been suggested as a key pathway between the effect of environmental risk and developmental outcome.
The IL-1β-NF-κB axis is a key pathway in the pathogenesis of RA.
Wnt signaling is a key pathway in early stages of colorectal cancer and is enriched in CCA modules.
Signalling via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is a key pathway in the regulation of glucose uptake by insulin [ 1].
Two new members of a key pathway responsible for pattern formation during vertebrate development have been identified.
This is an interesting study, providing useful insights into the evolution of a key pathway.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com