Sentence examples for a host of pathways from inspiring English sources

The human response to infection (including chlamydia) is to produce IFN-Ƴ, which, among a host of pathways, upregulates the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) which depletes tryptophan.

Because p53 is responsible for regulating a host of pathways involved in maintaining genome integrity, including apoptosis, DNA damage repair, cell cycle regulation and metabolism (Freed-Pastor and Prives, 2012), mutations in this protein can have far-reaching effects caused by the dominant-negative mechanism outlined below.

Their report defines convergence as "the merging of distinct technologies, processing disciplines, or devices into a unified whole that creates a host of new pathways and opportunities" by combining life sciences, physical sciences, and engineering.

The excessive formation of ROS activates a host of signaling pathways including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cell death [ 3].

For example, studies in mice have implicated a host of signalling pathways as being critical in proper tooth eruption and development, including those involving the gene families Bmp, Eda, Fgf, Shh and Wnt, among others (3– 5).

This earlier work raised a host of potential pathways of influence on adolescent pregnancy and suggested the importance of exploring: socio-economic circumstances; connectedness to family and family setting; school influences and experiences; partner characteristics; knowledge levels; peer and adolescent norms; and community norms.

And we have a host of other predicted pathways, some of which have been used in this work to predict the functionality of some proteins.

Microarray analysis showed that Hcl1 affects a host of key cellular pathways in M. tuberculosis.

Since the initial discovery, Grb2 has been linked to a host of other cellular pathways including the actin cytoskeleton and endocytosis.

Environmental stressors elicit a host of varied signaling pathways, involving hormone-modulated systems [ 2, 108, 109], cell-type developmentally-specific transcriptional modules [ 1, 103], and ROS [ 110, 111].

NPM-ALK is known to activate a host of cell signaling pathways, including those of Janus-family tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Ras/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoinositide kinase-3/AKT, so as to deregulate various cellular functions such as cell cycle progression and cell survival.