(This is not to suggest that there is a difference in kind between higher-level "role" properties and the lower-level "realizations" of those roles, since it may be that, relative to even lower-level descriptions, those realizations can be characterized as functional states themselves (Lycan 1987).
And thus it seems that the higher-level role properties of that event are causally irrelevant.
Determination of the higher-level role of the protein in modulating individual and colony-level behaviors will be even more challenging, given our profound ignorance of fire ant pheromonal systems and the behaviors involved in regulation of colony queen number.
LI08 prominently cite as background to their work two studies that were conducted on such presumably unrelated systems and that did not attempt to account for Gp-9 effects [69], [73], thus making their relevance to the higher-level role of Gp-9 in regulating colony queen number questionable.
By 2020, they aspire to have a global workforce where 40% of management and higher-level roles are held by women and a U.S.-based workforce where 20% of management and higher-level roles are held by ethnically diverse talent.
Kochanski and Stiles (2013) argue that compensation compression exists when (1) new and experienced workers in the same role have close compensation levels or (2) workers in lower-level roles have a pay level close to that of workers or managers in higher-level roles.
While we'll have more data scientists to pick from in a few years, they'll be juniors and will need time to grow into higher-level roles.
Pluralsight offers software development courses, specifically ones targeting employees that are looking to advance in their careers by acquiring new skills in order to transition to higher-level roles.
An attempt has been made to reveal overlapping communities in the network of the macaque monkey's visuotactile coretex; the authors have found that several areas (e.g., 46, VIP, LIP, 7a, and V4) are bridge nodes (overlaps between the visual and the somatosensory cortex), which play higher-level roles and integrate cognitive functions (e.g., attention and working memory) [24].
Of the 16 consumer participants, all had taken higher-level roles in consumer advocacy (sometimes multiple roles), for example, training, liaison roles and support group facilitation.
