When calculated for a standardized hunger level (i.e. 105-120 min), 13 out of 18 acoustic parameters showed PIC values higher than one and showed an overall higher individuality than PIC values over all hunger levels (paired T test; t 16 = 6.75, p < 0.0001, N = 18).
Today's automation industry is driven by the need for an increased productivity, higher flexibility, and higher individuality, and characterized by tailor-made and more complex control solutions.
Calls of hungry nestlings showed higher individuality compared to calls of satiated nestlings.
Mean frequency modulation fits these predictions by showing a very high individuality in both call parts and an independence from hunger level in the first part of the call (variance components, Table 1).
Index of individuality (II) was calculated as CVI/CVG whereby a low value (<0.60: high individuality) indicated a low usefulness of population-based reference intervals, whereas a high value (>1.40: low individuality) indicated a high usefulness of population-based reference intervals, particularly when an unusual result was repeated for verification.
Interestingly, most acoustic parameters showed a combination of high individuality and reliable hunger signalling.
When the film opens, we are in a galaxy inhabited by tiny, chattering, evil beings and Tenniel creatures of high individuality: a caricaturist's dream in the form of a henna-dyed wolf man who is an accomplished space navigator snakes with the look of higher mathematicians.
In contrast to previous reports showing that NGP symmetry elements have a higher degree of individuality during wing pattern divergence [ 17, 24- 26], our results show that modularity of NGP symmetry elements was not completely detected, but rather they were reorganized into new modules.
However, individual recognition is most likely not based on one single component showing high individuality, but on a multitude of components and their complex interactions [ 1, 14, 29].
