Over half of women reported being involved in household decision-making in 2003 and 2008, though this proportion decreased dramatically to 37.8% in 2013: a surprising finding, given expectations of improvements across the continuum of women's empowerment, but possibly due to continuing adherence to conservative values.
It is reassuring that PCV introduction was not associated with clinically important reductions in immunization coverage, even given expectations of a linear trend predicted from baseline.
There may be scope for quantitative easing, but simply driving longer-term interest rates down further may not be effective given expectations of slow growth and downward pressure on prices.
This sample size gave expectations of 19.8 possible infestations for placebo and 7.8 for octanediol over the course of the study.
For others, the anomaly of lights going out at a certain time was simply strange: a humorous disruption, given expectations one might have of either modernity or what a walk home in an urban area should entail: They go off at midnight – it's hilarious, it's like going back to the Dark Ages! (I34 Hertfordshire).
By contrast, if the expert undertreats the customer then his material payoff increases by C h − C l, while the material payoff of the customer decreases by V > C h − C l. Thus, for a given (high) payoff expectation of the customer a lower value of γ is sufficient to prevent undertreatment.
The magnitude of an earthquake gives an expectation of the size of the resulting tsunami, and with an 8.8 magnitude, the scientists at the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center expected a dangerous tsunami.
The richness of the experimental information may be quantified by the use of the Fisher Information Matrix [ 37, 45], which for the case of Gaussian known or constant variance reads as follows: (14) where E represents the expectation for a given value of the parameters μ presumably close to the optimal solution θ *.
An international regime essentially denotes a "set of implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules, and decision making procedures around which actors' expectations converge in a given area of international relations" (Krasner 1983: 2).
Under assumptions of neutrality and independently segregating sites, the expected number of polymorphic sites that occur at frequency i is given by E(p A (i))= θ A / i, where θ A =2 u N L c/(c+1), giving an expectation of D2=0.
