Market potential is a function of the incomes of all potential trading partners, weighted by distance and transport costs, by barriers to trade and migration, and by far more woolly obstacles like culture and language.
The higher debt-to-income ratios are a function of the diminished income levels of many homeowners since the economic downturn, said Nicolas P. Retsinas, a senior lecturer in real estate at Harvard Business School and one of the authors of the report.
The fact that the growth in inequality is largely a function of the pretax income distribution doesn't mean we should make it worse with regressive, supply-side tax cuts -- (economist Alan Blinder calls this move "unnecessary roughness" -- amplifying pretax inequality with regressive tax cuts).
Exact linear aggregation is to be distinguished from exact nonlinear aggregation, where aggregate demand is a function of some representative level of aggregate income, which itself can be a function of the distribution of income over the individuals.
Income deprivation is operationalized as the Yitzhaki index, i.e., as a function of the sum of income differences between an individual and others in her reference group who are more affluent.
Affordability is a function of the consumer's income.
Economists (e.g., Muhammad et al. 2013) consider investment to be a function of the interest rate and income.
Given the small amount of revenue most states raise from the corporation income tax, estimated tax burdens for the high end of the state's income distribution are largely a function of the structure of the personal income tax, including the top marginal rate, bracket widths, and the tax treatment of capital gains.
According to the absolute income hypothesis, the contribution income makes to individual life expectancy is entirely a function of the individual's non-comparative income.
