I remember wearing a tie-dye T-shirt with a cartoon shark on it, and yellow sunglasses w/ brim, and doing the peace sign a lot in photos, and digging a big hole on the beach, and pestering my parents relentlessly, day after day after day, for a Dracula-brand ice cream lolly from the caravan park's central hub: a cola-flavoured frozen layer around a blood red jelly-and-ice-cream centre.
Because of this frozen layer, Cryosols have a steep vertical temperature gradient.
In the model, the half-space saturated soil is considered to be composed of an overlying soil layer denoting the frozen layer and underlying layers denoting the unfrozen layers.
The overall effect was not unlike dropping something on snow capped by a frozen upper layer: soft, but topped by a harder crust.
Assuming a frozen boundary layer, a finite catalytic recombination can be considered and the results were compared with that of the super-catalytic cases.
Although the analogy assumes the presence of liquid water for longer periods than is currently observable, several theories suggest that liquid water from an impact could be preserved under a frozen isolation layer.
It was found that the helices in the frozen layer increased the jacking force greatly.
In the absence of the pile, the free frost-heave strain is assumed to occur only in the overlying frozen layer.
In the active frozen layer, the correlation coefficients of the soil water-heat transfer functions were relatively high, and the function model can be tested by the significance (P < 0.05) test.
A detailed mono-dimensional model taking into account mass and energy balances in the dried layer and at the sublimating interface, energy balance in the frozen layer and along the vial wall is set up; the mathematical model is validated using experimental data obtained in a pilot scale freeze-dryer, pointing out that the role of the glass wall can be relevant on the dynamics of the process.
