To provide a framework for strengthening disease surveillance and response capacities in African countries, the World Health Organization Regional Headquarters for Africa (AFRO) developed Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) aimed at improving national surveillance and laboratory systems.
In 2005, the 58th World Health Assembly, recognizing the role that vaccines and immunization can play in reducing under-five mortality, welcomed the Global Immunization Vision and Strategy (GIVS) 2006-2015 developed by WHO and UNICEF as a framework for strengthening national immunization programmes [ 4, 5].
This plan provides a common framework for strengthening national and regional surveillance and response capacity for emerging infectious diseases in the 48 countries of the Asia Pacific Region; it was revised and re-endorsed by the WHO Regional Committees in 2010.
Guex and Millet 41 suggested a conceptual framework for strengthening exercises for hamstring muscles specific to the terminal swing phase of sprinting based on six key parameters (contraction type, load, range of motion, angular velocity, unilateral/bilateral exercises, kinetic chain) for strain prevention.
Additionally, Lima is currently working with the MIT Regional Entrepreneurship Acceleration Program — a two-year initiative that works with local government, academia, investors, entrepreneurs and corporations to develop an actionable framework for strengthening innovative and entrepreneurial ecosystems.
The IDSR is a comprehensive regional framework for strengthening national public health surveillance and response systems in Africa, supported by WHO.
Additionally, there is a lack of agreement between government and external stakeholders and universities on the framework for strengthening the contribution of universities to development in Africa [ 8, 9].
The WHO in its framework for strengthening health system stipulated leadership/governance (stewardship) as one of crucial building block in improving performance of the health system [ 38].
They provide a framework for the strengthening of integrated approach to early childhood development through coordinated services and activities involving these three sectors.
At the Third Global Forum on Human Resources for Health in Brazil in November 2013, key international players committed themselves to a framework for the strengthening and integration of CHW programmes within national health systems [ 3].
Despite a rocky start in summer, talks between the IAEA and Iran culminated on November 11 with a Joint Statement on a Framework for Cooperation to strengthen cooperation and communication.
