The tobacco companies were originally forecast to pay slightly above $8 billion a year, according to a formula based on projected revenues.
The state-run Local Capital Improvement Program uses a formula based on the grand list, road miles and population to split $30 million a year among 169 municipalities.
Recent sales have moved to a formula based on the retail prices index.
It also provides the states with security funds, using a formula based almost entirely on population.
Mr. Dimas said he reached the figures using a formula based on gross domestic product and emissions levels.
Many have a calculator for body mass index, a number derived from a formula based on weight and height.
In determining which jurisdictions should be covered, Congress used a formula based in part on voter turnout in 1964.
That's an estimated 32 hours of "mixed use," a formula based on a study of how people use their phones.
New York City's borrowing problem lies with a Depression-era state law that put a ceiling on borrowing, through a formula based on property assessments.
The amount of money allotted for each building is calculated with a formula based on the gross square footage, Ms. Shore said.
The money is appropriated to states by a formula based on the number of people living with AIDS in that state.
