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Rather than stick the isolated cells on a flat culture dish, they mixed the cells with liquid, then let the mixture hang in tiny droplets from a plastic lid, like condensation on the roof of a container.
On a flat culture substrate, such as the array of mechanically active cell culture regions on the microdevice shown in Figure 3A, cells could be positioned within 10 µm of each other.
Making beta-cells in a flat culture dish may not be sufficient (which is no doubt an important first step), but mimicking the intrinsic islet formation may require all the players (e.g. alpha-, delta-, PP- and epsilon-cells) to grow together in a three-dimensional environment.
Experiments 1 and 2 represent data derived from INS GFP/w MEL1 hESCs differentiated using a flat culture protocol based on D'Amour et al., whilst experiments 3 and 4 represent data generated from INS GFP/w HES3 hESCs differentiated as described by Nostro et al., 2011.
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If you take a flat-culture executive who has never worked in this more hierarchical model, and put him straight in, it's probably not going to work.
Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis of spin EB-derived cells indicated that, unlike cells generated using the flat culture protocol, a substantial fraction (40%) of INS-GFP+ cells produced neither glucagon nor somatostatin (Fig. 6a e).
Heparinised blood samples (10 ml) were collected from animals and cultured in sterile 96-well flat culture plates (200 μl whole blood/well).
The cells were washed and incubated at 38.5°C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere in 25 cm flat culture flasks containing DMEM medium (Invitrogen, Burlington, ON, Canada) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics.
Microarray analysis confirmed that INS-GFP+ cells generated by the spin EB method had upregulated a similar cohort of pancreatic genes to those derived using the flat culture differentiation protocol (Fig. 7a).
In the flat culture surface and nutrient medium of nanopit align ordered, the stem cell could not differentiate.
Interaction of endothelial-lineage cells with three-dimensional substrates was much less studied than that with flat culture surfaces.
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