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The animal, a dwarf mouse named Yoda, turned 4 on Saturday, or roughly 136 in human years.
While another mouse might have reached old age and developed arthritis or cancer, a dwarf mouse born at the same time might still be in the equivalent of middle-aged health.
What about a dwarf mouse that can only be kept alive with a "companion nurse" mouse, to keep it warm?
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A recessive dwarf mouse mutant (pug) obtained from an N-ethyl N-nitrosourea mutagenesis screen was attributed to a missense mutation in Xylt1, which resulted in the substitution of an amino acid (p.Trp932Arg) [ 59].
With the dwarf mouse studies, a paradox about growth hormone and aging has emerged.
Studies in the Ames dwarf mouse with a gene mutation that leads to low pituitary growth hormone production indicate that reduced function of the growth hormone IGF-1 axis retards aging chormone IGF-1nts axisretards pagingogy, and prolongs life in the mouse in a similar manner to changesno et al 2003).
Despite this difference, however, loss of GH / IGF-I signaling in mice has effects on lifespan that parallel loss of IIS in C. elegans and Drosophila, as exemplified by a series of long-lived dwarf mouse models, including the GH-deficient Pit1 dw/ dw) ("Snell") and Prop1 df/ df) ("Ames") mice, the GH-insensitive Ghr mice, and the PappA mouse with localized reductions in IGF-I signaling [ 25].
Gender-related phenotypic differences have been found in other long-lived mouse models such as the Ames dwarf mouse which shows a greater lifespan increase in females [13].
In 1991, our laboratory first described another dwarf mouse line that expresses a growth hormone receptor antagonist (GHA) transgene [ 3].
It has been speculated that the lower T b of Ames dwarf mice is due to their deficiency in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and growth hormone (GH) with supporting evidence from the Snell dwarf mouse which also has a deficiency in TSH and GH and reduced T b (Hunter et al. 1999).
The long-lived Ames dwarf mouse exhibits resistance to oxidative stress, a physiological characteristic of longevity.
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