The phrase "a duplication of tRNA" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in scientific or biological contexts when discussing the replication or copying of transfer RNA molecules.
Example: "The experiment demonstrated a duplication of tRNA, which is essential for protein synthesis."
Alternatives: "a copy of tRNA" or "a replication of tRNA".
Kryptolebias marmoratus displays an additional control region located between tRNA-Leu and ND1 [ 11] while the annual species N. furzeri shows a more complex rearrangement where a duplication of tRNA-Gln sites in place of tRNA-Glu, which in turn is located in the L strand between the control region and the tRNA-Phe.
As mentioned, scarid parrotfishes all have an IMQ-gene order showing similar patterns as found in Diaphini, with an INC-sequence (pseudogene) retained upstream the ND2 gene from a putative duplication of tRNA-Met [ 103].
Duplication of tRNA is common in molluscs.
On the other hand, changes in the tRNA pool may also occur, for example duplication of tRNA genes for which high codon demand exists.
The Gasteruption sp. mt genome possesses 11 gene rearrangements (two protein-coding genes and nine tRNA genes) and a duplication of the A+T-rich region (fig. 4) relative to the ancestral hymenopteran.
Species-specific duplications, insertions, and deletions were observed in some species such as the duplication of tRNA-Trp and the deletion of tRNA-Asn and tRNA-Leu2 in M. manazo and insertion of tRNA-Thr for the D-loop region in C. monstrosa (Supplementary table 2).
Duplications of tRNA genes are occasionally observed and have been documented in blowflies (Lessinger et al. 2004).
Despite high conservation of the cp genome, structural mutations such as gene duplications of tRNA genes, ycf2, rpl19, rpl2, rpl23 and psbA; losses of ndh genes, ycf genes, infA and accD; as well as rearrangements of cp genomes have been reported in plants and algae.
An alternative possibility is that the tRNAGlu gene was already lost from the most recent common ancestor but that a tRNAGlu gene was newly created in the common ancestor of U. fimbriatus and U. sikorae by a mechanism such as tandem duplication of another tRNA gene and reassignment of a duplicate gene copy to tRNAGlu via anticodon mutation.
As discussed previously, the four-column code can arise naturally from the GNN code by duplications of tRNAs and making a single mutations of the 3rd anticodon position to match each of the 1st position bases.
