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We implemented these distributed factors in a unified semi-Markov temporal-difference-based reinforcement learning model using a distribution of µAgents, the set of which provide a distributed discounting factor and a distributed representation of the believed state.
Throughout these layers a distributed representation for entities is gradually constructed.
The proposed approach is based on a direct use of a computational substrate of modeled V1 complex cells that provide a distributed representation of binocular disparity information.
Compared to learning based on local generalizations, the number of patterns that can be obtained using a distributed representation scales quickly with the number of learnt factors.
A linguistic entity such as a phoneme, word, or phrase of a particular type may be represented within a layer either by a pattern of activation of units in that layer (a distributed representation) or by a single activated unit (a localist representation).
An evident advantage of such a distributed representation of information is its robustness to cell death.
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An autoencoder, firstly introduced in Rumelhart et al. [72], is a feedforward network that can learn a compressed, distributed representation of data, usually with the goal of dimensionality reduction or manifold learning.
In the temporal lobe visual cortical areas, neurons represent which object is present using a sparse distributed representation (Rolls and Treves 2011).
The small number of neurons selected from layer 4 of VisNet might correspond to the most selective for this stimulus set in a sparse distributed representation (Rolls 2008; Rolls and Treves 2011).
Further, some inferior temporal visual cortex neurons respond with view-invariant object representations, in that they respond selectively to some objects or faces independently of view using a sparse distributed representation (Hasselmo et al. 1989; Booth and Rolls 1998; Logothetis et al. 1995; Rolls 2012a; Rolls and Treves 2011).
Local lateral inhibition within each layer allows each local area within a layer to respond to and learn whatever is present in that local region independently of how much information and contrast there may be in other parts of a layer, and this, together with the non-linear activation function of the neurons, enables a sparse distributed representation to be produced.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com