Two distinct isolated tetrahedral environments were identified with NMR resonances around −530 and −830 ppm.
One patient, colonized with MRSA t032 at admission, acquired a genetically distinct isolate (222 SNVs) of the same spa type 2 days later.
Our broad-scale analysis is consistent with previous reports indicating that most C. briggsae isolates partition into two main groups that largely separate by latitude, the "Tropical/I" and "Temperate/II" phylogeographic groups, in addition to a few genetically distinct isolates from geographically-restricted localities that do not follow this latitudinal dichotomy [ 6, 16- 20].
We also observed several distinct isolates with a unique PP, some of which diverged considerably from the rest of the population (e.g. reference strains PA7 and UCBPP-PA14).
The mechanisms of the coexistence of two phenotypically distinct isolates within a single clone K. pneumoniae in abscess fluid, blood, or both should be investigated.
Each of the distinct isolates contained a different mutation in 1 of 3 highly pleiotropic regulatory genes (hfq, spoT, or rpoS).
That is, the time to their appearance was too short to represent an evolutionary change, and there was no source from which a traveler spread the genetically distinct isolates.
It is thought that P. aeruginosa has a non-clonal epidemic population structure, with distinct isolates found in humans, animals or the environment.
Within the Caenorhabditis species, there is a continuum between distinct, reproductively isolated, species and species where isolates are at the very earliest stages of speciation (Baird and Stonesifer 2012; Kozlowska et al. 2012; Gimond et al. 2013).
Two distinct isolates of FLVs, both of which can induce the early and late stages of the diseases, have been described.
