For tracking the random discontinuous trajectory, a modified tracking error associated with a piecewise continuous variable by zero-order holder is defined.
Finally, two illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the performance and the effectiveness of the averaging ILC scheme to track the random discontinuous trajectory.
Moreover, the synthetic system usually combines the physical response into the equations of motion, thus can prevent the discontinuous trajectory of atoms and save the time to do the local equilibrium.
Specifically, the system's uncontrolled and discontinuous flows along manifolds compose majority of the transfer trajectories, and then optimal controls are applied to a portion of the discontinuous trajectories to differentially correct them to match continuity.
The theory of differential equations with discontinuous trajectories during the last twenty years has been to a great extent stimulated by their numerous applications to problem arising in mechanics, electrical engineering, the theory of automatic control, medicine and biology.
In machining complex or sharp-corner products, large contour errors occur mainly owing to discontinuous trajectories and the existence of nonlinear uncertainties.
Due to the discontinuous trajectories arising from the nonsmooth impacts, we use hybrid systems stability analysis tools to establish that 1) a tracking control algorithm and 2) an observer algorithm guarantee global exponential stability.
This allows discontinuous trajectories during the optimization process, reducing the problem of local minima.
This is gained by the possibility that the algorithm can circumvent local minima by allowing for discontinuous trajectories while searching the global minimum.
allow discontinuous trajectories such as hovering capabilities but may have payload, speed, power, flight time and endurance limitations (Hardin & Jensen, 2011), and any addition of an on-board air sampler must consider downward draft from rotor activity.
