Consequently, the reform has placed public kindergartens in a very disadvantaged situation (Li and Wang 2008; Zhu and Wang 2005).
Originally, rural ECE was previously funded by the lowest level of township government or farmers' self-management organizations the village committee, which put it in a very disadvantaged situation.
The disadvantaged situation of Palestinians in Lebanon has kept large numbers trapped in dire poverty.
Its main intention is to transform the severely disadvantaged situation of girls and young women in many parts of Asia.
In spite of their disadvantaged situation, slum residents in Kenya may have benefited from local and national HIV prevention and control initiatives.
"With TICAD and G8 featuring prominently in Japan this year, the government is demonstrating its commitment to children in the most disadvantaged situation by providing this extraordinary and generous support," Mr. Rohrmann said.
It should also raise the level of awareness among policy makers, planners, administrators and implementors in all areas of the government on the disadvantaged situation of the girl-child.
There is a need to develop creative ways to deliver content into disadvantaged situations and effectively reach children who might otherwise be denied access.
This can encourage parental choice, competition and efficiency but also risks the exclusion of children in disadvantaged situations.
The governments' commitment and leadership in ensuring adequate resource allocation and quality service provision for young children, particularly for those in marginalised and disadvantaged situations, need to be advocated and fulfilled.
