In experiments 1 and 2, subjects originated from 22 different natal cages and in experiment 3 from 16 natal cages.
However, at least some P. dominulus co-foundresses must derive from different natal nests, because relatedness is typically lower in co-foundress associations than within broods on the previous season's nests from which they derive [4].
As we highlight in the introduction, although intranidal kin discrimination is rare in social insects, internidal discrimination is common [10], and at least some unrelated subordinates must derive from different natal nests to their co-foundresses [4].
The mean proportion of the progeny survival from parasitoid females coming from different natal hosts was in general high on the different hosts assayed (more than 0.9 of mean survival) (Fig. 7).
Because there are ~150 genetically distinct populations of sockeye salmon that migrate to different natal streams throughout the Fraser River watershed, fish in 2007 and 2008 were passive integrated transponder-tagged and an adipose fin clip was taken for DNA stock identification (see below).
The outskirts of Natal are a different kind of place.
There was no indication that the three non-natal males showed a different looking pattern in response to call donors than males tested in their natal group.
Microsoft already has a controller-free project going on called Project Natal that uses a different sensing technology, a sign that controller-free gaming products are on the way.
The TCR Vβ13 followed a different kinetics of expression during the post-natal period in both genders (Figure 6D).
Some individuals might thus migrate through a different route upon their return (spring) migration, and finally disperse and breed far away from their natal place.
