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Biochemical function often is studied by observing the response of tissue enzymes (removed from a deficient host animal) after a purified vitamin preparation is added.
Similarly, low levels of IL-6 may be indicative of a deficient host immune response, as IL-6 is an important mediator of inflammation and activator of neturophils and has been shown to be required for successful defense against bacterial pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (van der Poll et al. 1997) and Listeria monocytogenes (Kopf et al. 1994).
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In order to determine whether presence of TLR3 on macrophages or DCs was sufficient to decrease the susceptibility of a TLR3 deficient host, adoptive transfer experiments were performed.
As bone marrow chimera-derived thymocytes in an MHC- deficient host would be arrested at the pre-selection DP stage, we don't believe this experiment would provide any additional information.
There are at least 3 possible explanations for these findings: in mice receiving human myeloma marrow cells they might be accounted for by the persistence and replication of these cells in an immunologically deficient host.
Recently, we reported a new Salmonella Typhimurium Z234-vaccine strain (Periaswamy et al., PLoS ONE 2012 7:e45433), which was specifically attenuated in the NADPH-oxidase deficient host.
Such advancements are used to identify new therapeutic modalities, targeting overexpressed or deficient host immune factors, as well as components of pathogens that are critical for the development of resistance or survival.
Finally, we found unexpectedly that parasites grown in P-gp deficient host cells had reduced P-gp expression.
Alternatively, the slower T. gondii replication rate observed during infection of P-gp deficient host cells may result in reduced P-gp expression.
E. coli strain DH10B was used as the host for gene cloning and construction of recombinant plasmids, and strain K12 was employed for the construction of glmS deficient host.
In this study we used P-gp deficient host cells [3] in parallel with pharmacological inhibition of P-gp, thereby enabling more selective insights into the specific role of T. gondii P-gp.
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