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However, depth-resolved residual stress measurement showed that the tensile residual stress is limited to a shallow depth below which there is a deep case of balancing compressive residual stress.
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A deep case-hardened layer can be used as the bottom layer, which can significantly enhance the load-bearing capacity and improve the coating/film adhesion.
A boost diffusion oxidation (BDO) process had been used to acquire a deep hardened case in Ti6Al4V.
In Fig. 7, three curves corresponding to the best estimate of locking depth, a total creeping case (zero locking depth), and a deeper locking case (+1σ deviation) are shown.
Although the Nitron-100 treatment significantly improved the load-bearing capacity of both alloys, the Ti 6Al 4V alloy exhibited a deeper hardened case but lower surface hardness than the Ti 6Al 7Nb alloy for identical processing conditions.
According to a deeper single case analysis of two children in our study, we found that one important element in achieving linguistic understanding is the ability to relate to another person [ 26].
The results indicate that a harder and deeper case is achieved at both high substrate temperature and high oxygen partial pressure.
In Tokyo, I purchased the perfect wallet for around $50, a deep red leather case embellished with a black lacquer chrysanthemum pattern, designed originally for use by geishas.
"After the tragic death of Eric Garner, and intense scrutiny of choke holds, OIG-NYPD conducted a deep dive into cases involving this prohibited tactic to explore and demystify how these complaints are addressed internally," Eure says in the report.
The complications which occurred in this series were in one case a superficial wound infection and in another case a deep wound infection, both successfully treated with antibiotic therapy; in another case we observed a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which was successfully treated with low-molecular-weight heparin for 2 months.
While Western European countries are reluctant, with their own problems both at home and among the countries using the euro, there is a deep interconnectedness in any case.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com