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Living with a spouse could, apart from providing social anchorage, buffer a decline in functional ability, as some degree of help is more available than to those living alone.
Findings from this earlier questionnaire-based prospective eight-year follow-up study [ 10] showed that older age was related to a decline in functional ability in the first four-year follow-up but not in the second four-year period.
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AD is associated with neurodegenerative changes which compromise not only cognitive functioning but also lead to a decline in functional abilities and induce a spectrum of psychological or behavioral symptoms [ 1].
In clinical samples, a marked decline in functional ability has been associated with an increasing number of somatic symptoms [ 8, 9], and patients reporting multiple somatic symptoms had worse functional ability at all time points as compared to patients with fewer symptoms [ 10].
Maintenance rehabilitation can serve an important role in preventing and/or slowing down the potential decline in functional ability; however emphasis is not placed on rehabilitation but rather acute medical needs [ 9].
Identifying the decline in functional ability and preventing disability is the critical element of the quality of life of an old age.
One notable finding is the severity of the decline in functional ability from pre-illness to admission.
21 On the other hand, the causal pathway leading to inflammation and disability may cause decline in functional ability.
Older people are at risk of rapid decline in functional ability and of delirium when they are admitted to hospital.
Memantine treatment also delayed decline in functional ability versus placebo (ADCS ADL scores: −3.1 with memantine vs −5.2 with placebo).
Our results confirm previous findings that some of the factors that predict survival in the general population are also relevant to AD; specifically, several of the main predictors for survival in AD are age [ 8] and sex [ 1, 4, 25, 26] along with an impairment or decline in functional abilities [ 27, 28].
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