Exact(13)
A damage zone occurred around the perforation wall due to sand production.
This study modeled the evolution of a damage zone in the laboratory by monitoring seismic signals (acoustic emissions) in a specimen of ultramylonite stressed to failure.
Stresses in a block around a dipping fracture simulating a damage zone of a fault are reconstructed by finite-element modeling.
These are constituted by a meter-wide core of foliated S-C ultracataclasite and cataclasite, flanked by a damage zone of protocataclasite, splay faults and veins.
The fault core, marked by crush breccia and cataclasites, asymmetrically grades to the host protolith through a damage zone, which is well developed only in the footwall block.
Along the Serghaya fault, the typical fault zone architecture with a main gouge zone and a damage zone of up to 100 m thickness is exposed.
Similar(47)
For the case of a long bridged crack with a small damage zone perpendicular to the crack, a crack bridging approach may instead be used.
Subsidiary faults around the Ganos Fault, which are conductive structures with individual mechanically weak features, merge into a greater damage zone, creating a wide fluid-bearing environment.
On the other hand, field observation of an exhumed outcrop has demonstrated that a fault damage zone is developed around a fault core that is the localized slip zone and contains high-strain products, such as gouges, cataclasites, and ultracataclasites (Mitchell and Faulkner 2009).
This result implies a difference in the generation process: Earthquake swarms are controlled by the fault weakening process due to fluid intrusion into a fault damage zone that serves as a highly permeable channel, whereas aftershocks are caused primarily by stress changes due to slip dislocation during the mainshock or its afterslip.
Fault zones consist of a high-strain fault core and a surrounding damage zone of highly fractured rock.
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