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For branch roads, a parallel tree stand can bring a cost-effective effect.
As a result, a cost-effective topology, mostly a tree topology, is realized that engages several merits such as low maintenance, protocol transparency, and low operation cost.
A new study co-authored by Stanford Earth researchers demonstrates a cost-effective strategy to combat climate change by paying farmers in Uganda to conserve and plant trees.
Alternative designs of transmission line clearances and span lengths can be assessed readily, with the help of the procedures, to achieve a cost-effective solution.
It's a cost-effective marketing tactic.
How is that a cost-effective investment?
A buyer procures a network to span a given set of nodes; each seller bids to supply certain edges, then the buyer purchases a minimal cost spanning tree.
The capacitated minimum spanning tree (CMST) problem is to find a minimum cost spanning tree in a network where nodes have specified demands, with an additional capacity constraints on the subtrees incident to a given source node s.
The classical Capacitated Minimum Spanning Tree Problem (CMSTP) deals with finding a minimum-cost spanning tree so that the total demand of the vertices in each subtree does not exceed the capacity limitation.
The algorithm creates and progressively merges sub-trees of a graph in building a minimum cost spanning tree.
We therefore post-process the ML trees by collapsing all nodes of common sequence (both observed haplotypes and inferred Steiner nodes) and relinking the resulting non-redundant node set into a minimum-cost spanning tree.
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