Exact(1)
An uncontrolled before-after study is regarded as inferior to a controlled or a randomised study design: changes that occur over time make it difficult to attribute any observed change to the intervention; there is evidence that the results of such studies may overestimate the effects of quality improvement-like interventions.
Similar(59)
(Think only of the diametrically opposite results that derive from regarding the preamble to the Second Amendment as a controlling, or a dependent, clause).
Primary hepatocytes from control mice were transduced with Ad-control or Ad-DN Atf2 and treated with tunicamycin.
We also prepared primary hepatocytes from control and Lrh-1 LKO mice and transduced them with Ad-control or Ad-C2/Atf2.
We employ an experimental design, with study participants randomly assigned to a control or a treatment group.
One hundred and fifteen participants took part in this study, and were assigned randomly to either a control or a scented condition.
Using a within subject design we measured the difference of actual food or snack intake after a control or a stress task (Trier Social Stress Test).
Using a within subject design we measured the difference of actual food intake after a control or a stress task (Trier Social Stress Test).
The Act allows Regional Transport Authorities, as the primary procurers of public transport services, to place either a control or a contracting requirement upon services that are registered as commercial requiring no subsidy.
In the current study, genetically engineered Nrf2-null, wild-type (WT), and Nrf2-activated, Keap1-knockdown (K1-KD) mice were fed either a control or a high-fat Western diet (HFD) for 12 weeks.
Male BALB/cAnN Hsd mice were fed a control or a biotin-supplemented diet over 8 weeks postweaning and tested for glucose homeostasis, insulin secretion, islet gene expression and pancreatic morphometry.
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