Molecular dating may nevertheless result in contrasting estimations, as illustrated by some examples given below (see also Fig. 2): According to Yao et al. (2002a), most mtDNA lineages are very ancient in East Asia, with an age greater than 50,000 years, the oldest ones being most frequent in the south (81,000 and 75,000 years for R9 and B, respectively).
In contrast, estimation of genetic variance in a classical genetic analysis is based only on between-family variation.
Further exploration of the data (not shown) suggests that the interaction between long divergence times between groups with and without this tRNA and a low sample size creates uncertainty in the contrast estimation.
In our simulations, we considered three fitness measures: contrast estimation efficiency, hemodynamic response estimation efficiency, and design counterbalancing.
In contrast, estimation models for important chemical and physical aspects of soil health have been less successful with VNIR spectroscopy.
By contrast, estimation from [13] indicates that while gathering several BSs together for integrated optimization, i.e., machine room sharing, more energy could be saved.
In sharp contrast, estimation of m̂ from outbreak datasets (assessed by simulation because, unlike the surveillance cases, the potential bias cannot be computed directly) is strongly biased upward when m is below or near 1 (Fig. 4b).
In contrast, estimation of θ is poor.
The MLE method of body mass contrast estimation assumes homogeneity of variance in body size between both clades in a sister pair.
In contrast, estimation of effect size based on matching will require data at the level of the unit at which the intervention is assigned.
In the Reverse auditory and visual intersensory conditions, opposite effects were found that could indicate a contrast mechanism in the estimation of duration between the two sensory modalities.
