The phrase "a constrained group" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used to describe a group that is limited or restricted in some way, such as in size, scope, or function.
Example: "The research was conducted within a constrained group of participants to ensure focused results."
Alternatives: "a limited group" or "a restricted group".
On the other hand, if diet specialization within a constrained group of prey (e.g., only fish), drives more of a streamlining of venom evolution, then we might expect there to be few or no changes in venom constituents.
In conclusion, if groups are ordered according to exposure level, a constrained group- based exposure assignment can be an effective and versatile approach to estimate the relationship between exposure and disease when exposure data are not available for all subjects under study.
The third method is to use the GBS and CGBS methods that assign a score (group mean for GBS or constrained group mean for CGBS) to each group and fit a standard regression model to the data.
To test the monophyly of taxa that were recovered as paraphyletic or polyphyletic in the concatenated analysis, separate Bayesian analyses of the concatenated dataset were ran using the same model parameters in which the topology was constrained to force monophyly (prior probability = 1.00 for the constrained group).
Since the standard deviation of investment is much higher for the financially constrained group (0.28 versus 0.08), one can conclude that the change in fixed capital investment is much more volatile for firms that spend a long time in the financially constrained state.
We used the "prset topologypr" setting in MrBayes, and set the prior probability of the constrained group to 100 [33].
During a training phase of twelve sessions of three trials, three of the constrained groups could only access the reward by pushing and three of the groups by pulling the flap door of the apparatus (Fig. S1, S2).
The three groups in this condition received twelve sessions with the unblocked box, these were similar to the training sessions in the constrained groups (Tab. 4).
One individual that migrated into one of our constrained groups after test sessions had already started only performed the action used by other group members.
After the training phase, the animals in the constrained groups were tested by presenting the box without the stopper, so that both pushing and pulling led to reward.
More specifically, the constrained groups adopted the method they had acquired during training, independent of action type, what group they were a member of or what age and sex class they belonged to.
