Exact(5)
Techniques to account for publication bias have been utilised to provide a conservative effect size estimate offering robustness to our estimate.
A power calculation was carried out in G*Power to calculate the required sample size for power of 0.80 to detect any main effect or interaction at an alpha level of 0.01 and a conservative effect size of 0.1.
The power for the within-group contrasts were estimated based on a conservative effect size of d = 0.80, and the sample sizes in each group were regarded as sufficient to detect a within-group effect of this size.
Given the lowest possible difference in the range of scores (64 mmHg before and 59 mmHg after trunk release) we anticipated a conservative effect size of 0.6 (expected difference/pooled standard deviation (SD)= 5 mmHg/8).
Assuming a conservative effect size difference between stepped care and minimal intervention of the order of 0.3 would require a sample size of 175 participants in each of the two randomised groups, using power at 80% and a 5% significance level.
Similar(55)
As we used a more conservative effect size measure, this is a hint for the ability of the MacNew to assess changes.
For our preferred calculations of an incident rate ratio (IRR) of 0.7 (based on a somewhat conservative effect size from the aforementioned pilot study), we find that a sample size of 300 cases and 300 controls will yield a power of approximately 0.90.
The trim-and-fill technique was used to recompute an effect size which accounted for this asymmetry, yielding a more conservative effect size estimate of 0.21 (0.08 to 0.33; as shown in online supplementary figure S3).
However, a more conservative effect size might have been preferable given null evidence that has emerged in the bilingualism literature since we ran the study.
Sample size was determined using a more conservative effect size (effect size statistic [d=] 0.25) than that used in a previous study [ 27].
Given that the setting and focus of the present study are different compared to Ferguson and Xie [ 75], a more conservative effect size was chosen.
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