The results revealed deficits in the alerting network--a larger alerting effect--and in the executive function networks--a larger congruity effect in developmental dyscalculia participants.
Huiziga and colleagues found that in a flanker task there was a larger congruity effect for a group of 7 year olds compared to 11 year olds and a larger congruity effect for a group of 11 year olds compared to 15 year olds.
Astell's own view about the causation of sensation involves an account of a "sensible congruity" between features of external bodies and powers of the soul that are employed in sensations.
The rewards for the party faithful had a strange congruity with the punishments of the faithless: instead of a brutal journey in a sweltering cattle truck to a Siberian salt mine, they were encased in hot mud, hosed down with icy water then popped in a salt-lined box to sleep it off.
However, it seems that, in contrast to the RC-LA group, which did not show a typical congruity effect, and the RA-LC group, which showed a consistent congruity effect already from the fourth day (fourth day congruity effect in the sham group = 10 ms, p = 0.6), a typical congruity effect emerged for the sham group on the fifth and sixth training days (F 2,8) = 4.52, p = 0.049).
In the invalid trials, the two groups presented a larger congruity effect than in the valid trials.
Note that regardless of the validity condition, the developmental dyscalculia group presented a larger congruity effect than the controls did.
This interaction was due to a consistent congruity effect (43 50 ms) that was already present from the fourth training day (F 2,8) = 10.81, p = 0.005), indicating automatic numerical processing.
In the numerical Stroop task, the participants showed a significant congruity effect, as indicated by slower RTs for the incongruent versus neutral and congruent (p = 0.04).
