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The method used here was based upon mendelian randomization in which one starts with an observational association between an environmental (e.g. biochemical) factor and disease, and then secondarily investigates whether a concordant level of risk occurs for a genotype that simulates the environmental factor - thereby making a stronger case for the factor being causative of the disease [36].
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A number of dysregulated microRNAs in this model were already described in the pathogenesis of liver disease and showed concordant level of expression with respect to that already described in literature (miR-155, miR-20a, miR-182, miR-200a, miR-200c, miR-27a, miR-31, miR-99b) or discordant expression level (miR-193b, miR-93, miR-125a-5p miR-125a-5p miR-125a-5p
In the current paper, we start with positive gene-stroke associations and then subsequently interrogate independent biochemical data with the expectation of finding concordant levels of risk.
Three biological replicates from different seed sources exhibited a high level of concordant genotype calls in the range of 99.76% to 99.84%.
A protective effect of level of education on OC symptoms was suggested by the finding of a higher level of education in the concordant low-scoring twin pairs than in the concordant high and the discordant twin pairs.
Interestingly, the concordant low MZ twin pairs, as well as their spouses, reported to have a higher level of education than the concordant high and discordant twin pairs (p-values 0.02 in both comparisons) (Table 4).
The findings of the examination should be discussed with the parents in a manner concordant with their level of understanding.
Nevertheless, while for the total set of networks included in the Venn diagram in Figure 2 (all pathways that are significant at least in a single test) in 31 cases row and column permutation tests were concordant according to an alpha level of 0.05 and further 26 pathways were rejected by both strategies, in as much as 22 cases discordance between row I and column permutation tests was observed.
Only patients with a concordant diagnosis of mandibular nerve lesion were included in the study.
Western blots showed a concordant change of the SUMO1 protein.
The staining pattern of EDD was predominantly nuclear, concordant with its cellular location, with a low level of cytoplasmic staining in some cancers.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com