Estimated organ doses are based on an original library of anatomically realistic computational reference phantoms for: newborns, and 1-, 5- and 10-year-olds (Lee et al, 2010), and interpolated for intermediate ages at examination.
Consequently, although a careful inspection of the data is useful, having a computational model as a reference for what to expect is necessary for a deeper understanding.
A more recent paper by Vasas et al.[ 28], while seemingly contradicting their earlier paper, uses a computational modeling approach without reference to a real-world chemical system (something noted by two of the reviewers in their published reviews).
Both residue and atom occurrences can be given a specific symbol, which represents a software-specific name, usually referencing a computational model for the entity.
Baerends, Ellis, and Roos presented in cited reference CR9 a computational Hartree Fock scheme using Slater's approximation and Roothaans LCAO ansatz where Slater-type atomic orbitals do not increase the computational demand compared to Gaussian-type orbitals.
In absence of a reference sequence, a computational de novo assembly approach is required.
However, scoring RADseq markers presents a computational challenge, and a range of reference sequences can be used.
However, de novo transcriptome assembly without a reference genome represents a computational challenge [ 34, 35], which may result in an imperfect assembly, particularly with short reads [ 36].
Motivation: The assessment of protein structure prediction techniques requires objective criteria to measure the similarity between a computational model and the experimentally determined reference structure.
