The phrase "a computational challenge" is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it when referring to a problem or task that requires significant computational resources or complex algorithms to solve.
Example: "Developing a new algorithm for data analysis presents a computational challenge that requires innovative solutions."
Alternatives: "a computational difficulty" or "a computational obstacle".
The search for significant epistasis (gene gene interactions) still poses as a computational challenge for modern day computing systems, due to the large number of hypotheses that have to be tested.
Phylogenetic analysis with full genomes is a computational challenge.
However, the simulation of complex systems within a reasonable amount of time remains a computational challenge.
The evolving morphology of the solder joint related with multiple mechanisms causes a computational challenge.
Instead, a numerical relaxation has to be involved which is of the form (M) and hence yields a computational challenge.
However, the disparity in temporal scales between the DPD and CGMD that requires time stepping at microseconds and nanoseconds respectively, represents a computational challenge that may become prohibitive.
This poses a serious computational challenge for a genome-wide analysis.
The combinatorial problem of considering all possible mutations and conformations for each of the mutatable residue positions in a protein poses a significant computational challenge for protein design algorithms.
Second, in addition to the requirement of sophisticated data management solutions, the complexity of a brain image poses a significant computational challenge in terms of both image processing and pattern recognition.
They ended up with a deluge of data, much too much to study with any one computer, Dr. Huttenhower said, creating "a huge computational challenge".
Friedberg, I., Wass, M. N., Mooney, S. D. & Radivojac, P. Ten simple rules for a community computational challenge.
