The country was embroiled domestically in the civil rights struggle and internationally in a cold war arms race that seemed to promise an apocalypse, if not right now, then within a few years.
But most often tricks evolve out of necessity, as riders are constantly trying to outdo one another in what amounts to the sport's equivalent of a cold war arms race.
The shift is a triumph for the Kremlin, which has long and vehemently argued that the shield is aimed at neutralising its intercontinental missiles; Moscow had warned of a return to a cold war arms race, and threatened to deploy nuclear missiles in its Kaliningrad exclave, surrounded by EU states.
Double hot arm and cold arm structures with a linking bridge and a mounted optical fiber on a silicon fiber groove enable the separation of resonant frequencies of a single optical fiber for Lissajous scanning [15] (Fig. 3f).
When an electrical current passes through the device (both the hot and cold arms), the hot arm is heated to a higher temperature than the cold arm.
When an electrical current passes through the electrothermal microactuator (through the series connected electrical resistance of the "hot" and "cold" arms), the "hot" arm is heated to a higher temperature than the "cold" arm.
In this design, the rotating cold arm can have a narrower flexure compared to the flexure in the traditional single-hot arm device because it no longer needs to conduct an electrical current.
"Our name is 'The Winners.' " But there were no witty quips that morning four weeks ago when he woke up with a cold left arm.
Another variant of the asymmetrical design features a double-hot arm arrangement that eliminates the parasitic electrical resistance of the cold arm.
In a conventional planar asymmetrical electrothermal microactuator, the "hot" arm is positioned parallel to the "cold" arm, but since the "hot" arm is narrower than the "cold" arm, the electrical resistance of the "hot" arm is greater.
In the traditional asymmetrical electrothermal actuator design, the single-hot arm is narrower than the cold arm, and thus, the electrical resistance of the hot arm is greater.
