Exact(1)
A two-stage feedback scheme has been presented in[13] where in the first step a coarse estimates of all user channels are feedback to the BS then in the second step only N t users are selected to feed back more accurate channel quantization.
Similar(59)
In module I, a cyclic prefix (CP -based maximum likelihood (ML) estimator is employed to obtain a CP -basedtimaximum time and fractionalikelihoody offset; however, the estiMLtestimatorfisemployed synchronizatoobtainnals.
It might therefore be useful to have at least a coarse estimate of the STO before performing this CFO estimation.
With the available CSIT, however, we can only obtain a coarse estimate of the achievable rate as detailed below.
Range-free schemes generally provide a coarse estimate of a node's location and their main advantages lie in their simplicity.
Therefore, the estimates will never be out of these boxes, which means that we ensured a coarse estimate in the worst case scenario.
A coarse estimate is firstly computed by CBFE in a way similar to (20), and it is next refined by evaluating the quantity (39).
For the OA approach in this case, we take the average of (pseudo) reference nodes connected to a target as a coarse estimate.
The 10%% internally moving population is a coarse estimate of internal movements that is used because projected internal migration numbers are unavailable.
In order to reduce the computational requirement, the nonlinear least square (NLLS) algorithm is employed before the OMP processing to get a coarse estimate of the precession frequency.
When the problem is inconsistent, a coarse estimate may be taken as an estimate, e.g., the arithmetic mean of reference nodes as z ^ c i = 1 A i ∑ j ∈ A i z j. (21).
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