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We have established a cloning system based on the NL4-3 virus that allows the exchange of the gp120 V3 loop.
The T-A cloning system, however, is inconvenient for shuttling DNA fragments from one vector to another.
At the same time, the cloning efficiency of the T-A cloning system is greatly reduced when the insert size is increased (Wang et al. 2013a).
In addition to the traditional restriction enzyme cloning strategy, the T-A cloning system was developed for gene cloning when appropriate restriction sites are lacking in the vector (Chen et al. 2009; Wang et al. 2013a).
The Bacillus subtilis genome (BGM) vector system has been developed as a novel cloning system using a unique concept in which the entire 4.2 Mb genome of B. subtilis functions as a vector [ 9- 12].
The Bacillus subtilis genome (BGM) vector is a novel cloning system based on the natural competence that enables B. subtilis to import extracellular DNA fragments into the cell and incorporate the recombinogenic DNA into the genome vector by homologous recombination.
The original success with a cloning system employing positive selection [for a review, see [ 5]] after in vivo recombination of inserts in a specific expression vector [ 4] encouraged us to develop a series of expression vectors relying on a positive or negative selection principle.
Amplified fragments for the p53 open reading frame were cloned by a TOPO TA cloning system (Invitrogen), and five independent clones were sequenced by an ALOKA DNA sequencer (ALOKA, Tokyo, Japan).
The pYUB1049 vector has been also converted to a Gateway® cloning system compatible vector, pDESTsmg [18].
The data presented here show that all elements required for the design of a completely automated cloning system are now in place.
The potential use of human head and neck (H & N) tumours, growing in athymic nude mice, for preclinical assessment of cytostatic drug sensitivity in a soft agar cloning system was examined.
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