An explanation might be that especially teachers with these profiles are interested in these fields, or that participating in these fields stimulated a change in teachers' conceptions.
Over the next two decades – first as planner, then as mayor – Lerner would develop a radically different vision for Curitiba: "It was a change in the conception of the city.
Some authors claim that change in conceptions about teaching is a necessary prerequisite to changing instruction (Ho et al., 2001), while others claim the opposite; that is, change in teaching practices occurs before change in beliefs (Guskey, 2000).
In any case, the decrease in the male birth ratio in November 1986 could not be explained by a change in the primary (determined at conception) sex ratio because of a negative effect of Chernobyl radiation on male reproductive health manifested as a decrease in fertilization capability of Y-bearing sperm.
Change in conceptions can be thought of as learning that enables the learner to experience a phenomenon in a way she or he has not been able to experience it previously (Marton and Booth 1997).
Rather than measuring learning outcome as performance, in phenomenographic studies, we are measuring learning outcomes as change in conceptions of or approach to the learning object (Micari et al. 2007).
A decrease in the male birth ratio can result either from a change in the primarily determined sex ratio during conception or from a decrease in survival of males during the prenatal period.
Since nothing in the conception of a thing as moving or at rest, without regard to other things, could explain a change in its motion or rest, something outside that conception is required to do so.
A change in the newborn sex ratio has been reported after paternal exposure to a harmful environmental factor, which resulted in a change in the sex ratio during conception (e.g., Fukuda et al. 2002; James 1996, 2002).
The aesthetic effects of this drastic change in conception of the composer's task and potential were immediate and far reaching.
