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Responses have been shown to have a causal relationships with actual behaviour, e.g. suicide, and key physiological variables [28].
The elements for establishing causation proposed by Bradford-Hill almost 50 years ago [ 51] provide a framework by which a causal relationships can be deduced.
The design of the study, a prospective cohort study with measurements at three time points, did allow us to test for associations between LUTS and falls risk, but not for a causal relationships between these variables.
This study, with its cross-sectional design, can only look for correlations and does not allow any imputation of a causal relationships between any component of anger and ADHD.
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For some partisans, there was a causal relationship at work.
No one, of course, is actually suggesting a causal relationship.
This was assuming a causal relationship between the two.
It is difficult to not find a causal relationship".
But it cautioned that the findings suggest an association, not a causal relationship.
It stopped short, however, of saying the evidence "established" a causal relationship.
"It is very plausible that a causal relationship exists," he said.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com