In the mouse in Figure 1A, a severe hydrocephalus with gross brain deformity is evident.
In one of the most startling examples of brain deformity, neurons explode out of the proliferative zone like lava, flowing to form a thick mass instead of an orderly, folded up cortex.
In our study, the morphants of the rps4 and rps15a genes, which may be related to these human diseases, also showed smaller head size and deformation of the telencephalon (Figure 4B), although these two morphants displayed otherwise different patterns of brain deformity (Figure 3B).
Her 3-year-olds, Nicolas and Byron, already have lived longer than expected while battling as many as 30 seizures a day from Miller-Dieker syndrome, a disease that causes brain deformities.
VPN, which was known as inhibitior of histone deacetylases (HDACs), was well investigated and known as generate malformations such as edema, brain deformities, a shortened and bent tail, and bipartite axiation of the posterior trunk in zebrafish.
The mosquito-borne Zika virus has been linked to brain deformities in babies.
In this study, the both rplp0 and rpl6 morphants had severe brain deformities (see the database: http://zebrafish.med.miyazaki-u.ac.jp and Figure 4B), indicating a possible relationship between these RPs and neurological disorders.
Ethanol exposure of the developing embryo is known to cause craniofacial and brain deformities which resemble the phenotype of disrupted Shh signaling [ 53].
We therefore reasoned that the migration defect could not fully account for the brain deformities, and instead suspected defects in neural progenitor populations.
While a precise causal link between Zika and small-brain deformity in babies is unproven, the precautionary principle clearly applies.
