We aimed at establishing a paradigm in which both the phase prior to reinforcement learning could be tested, when rewards were unpredicted, and the situation after learning, when cues reliably predicted a reward.
When we compare unpredicted input vs. predicted input, the difference might be interpreted as a suppression of responses for predicted input or as an enhancement of responses for the unpredicted input.
When bad weather arrives unpredicted, it is apt to create emergencies, & emergencies bring out some of the best qualities in people... Good weather-unheralded, good weather that is-makes everybody smile, & what a pleasant sight that can be on Fifth Avenue on a s unny morning following a sullen eve!
The service of the components may be interrupted when the operator encounters unpredicted breakdowns, and it is to be immediately recovered with a random time.
For instance, IRp60 (CD300an, an inhibitory receptor expressed by different leukocytes [10], has been shown to play an unpredicted role when cross-linked on pDCs.
The FRT site contains a near-perfect 13 bp palindrome, (the a and b symmetry elements, Figure 1a) which may cause unpredicted effects when the vector is used.
The Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent response was suppressed for predicted gratings as compared with unpredicted gratings when they were task-irrelevant, consistent with the hypothesis that prediction error is silenced for explained-away input.
There was a scene happening, unexpected, unpredictable and unpredicted, but there and real.
There have been innumerable instances in the recent biological literature in which unpredicted results have arisen when there has been genetic manipulation.
After all, the collapse of the Soviet Union went unpredicted in Washington and when it happened, the George H. W. Bush administration seemed almost incapable of taking it in.
