(When translation is needed, the assistant bartender, Ito Daisuke, is quick to interpret).
When translation is not available, as resources are rather limited, Hemi invites everyone to participate as "active interpreters" for the person standing near.
When translation is restored using over-expression of GADD34 to dephosphorylate eIF2α, survival of infected animals is prolonged.
When translation is initiated at a uAUG, these upstream ORFs (uORFs) can affect the protein level of the mORF with serious biological consequences.
When translation was not required by NGO staff members, the providers were interviewed by two researchers in private and the NGO staff members were requested to wait outside.
When translation blocking wnt-5 MO was injected alone, 65% of embryos (n = 75) showed scattered insulin expression (Fig. 3E,I).
When translation was based on the aic, a full-length MatK reading frame was evident for these same species with the exception of C. catenata which is addressed later (Fig. 2a and b).
It was proposed that specific mRNAs that are poorly translated when translation initiation is low or normal become highly translated upon eIF2α dephosphorylation [22].
As shown in Figure 2B, very few ribosomes translate beyond the AP when translation of the ADR1a-SecM (L = 24) construct is carried out in the absence of Zn2+, as has been shown previously for another SecM construct (Tsai et al., 2014).
The fact that sRNA translational regulation takes place in close proximity to the membrane allows us to propose the following hypothesis concerning the translational regulation of mRNA encoding membrane proteins: when translation of the mRNA occurs normally, the newly synthesized nascent polypeptide is co-translationally targeted to the inner membrane.
As translating ribosomes can protect mRNA species from decay, when translation is inhibited by ligand binding to a riboswitch, an indirect consequence is mRNA degradation as hypothesized for the thiM and btuB riboswitches [ 94].
