The MCP method, however, is very sensitive to outlying points, which may reflect exploratory animal movement or measurement errors, providing an estimate of home range far beyond that utilised in the animal's normal activities.
Tumor weight analysis with proc univariate in SAS identified five very large, outlying tumors (greater than 1.5× interquartile range).
The number of large costs should be sufficient for the answers not to be unduly influenced by a few very large outlying costs.
One issue that arises with using a de-skewing transformation such as the log transformation for positively skewed data is that when the imputed values are transformed back to the original scale, the imputed values can have very large outlying values [ 14].
Model 4 also performed better than Model 3 due to residuals and factor loadings: We detected a very large outlying standardised residual indicating a specification error in Model 3 in the sense of a clear underestimation of the relationship between POs items 02 and 10 (ε0210 = 24.7) [ 66].
The researchers found that women aged 45 54 who lived in central London were twice as likely to have very dense breasts as women who lived in outlying suburban and rural areas.
In order to reduce the influence of outlying weights (i.e. those observations with a very high or very low propensity score), weights may be stabilized via multiplication by the mean propensity score of the given exposure group [ 19, 22].
The authority's leader, Craig Martin, said: "Many of these services serve outlying communities and therefore can be seen as very important to help sustain the local economy and allow local residents access to amenities elsewhere in the area.
The MGRS weight means tended to be at the low or very low end of the range of weights we found, and 84% of outlying weight means were above the MGRS mean.
Once Batniji and Bendavid excluded conflicting and outlying data, such as huge discrepancies between WHO and IMF estimates and information about countries that were getting very small amounts of money from other countries, "there was no significant displacement of foreign aid," Bendavid said.
