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Disease, typically defined as a negative departure from species typical functioning (Boorse 1975; Daniels 1994), can interfere with an individual's participation in society and/or individual flourishing.
A woman taking contraceptive pills, for example, may be interfering with typical functioning, but ingesting contraceptives is not a disease.
From the process-philosophical point of view, an entity is to be individuated in terms of its actual or typical functioning, not in terms of its spacetime location).
Dr John Marsden, an alcohol and drug dependency expert from King's College London, says a typical functioning alcoholic can manage to hold down a job despite having a "very severe drinking problem that they have been incubating over a very long period".
They point out that those born with disabilities may be wary of biomedicine's "fatal attraction to normalizing".( Silvers, 1998; Asch and Block, 2011) Moreover, even when no amount of treatment can give someone "species typical" functioning, there may be compensatory technologies that can actually expand their range of opportunities beyond the norm (Silvers 1998).
The computational analysis is centered on typical functioning bleb geometry found in a human eye following glaucoma surgery.
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"As these brain functions are getting parceled out, the visual cortex isn't getting its typical function, which is to do vision.
We use three sources of RF input to implement typical functions associated with CW and pulse EPR spectroscopic measurements.
Other specialties followed suit, and by World War I the familiar typical functions of a manufacturer had been developed: research and engineering, manufacturing, sales, finance and accounting, and a little later, human resources.
If the group of neurons in the task were used for their typical function – whisker twitching – there would be no pitch change to the auditory tone, and no food reward.
But when they were primed by a demonstration of the artifact's typical function, 5-year-old children solved the problem much faster than 6 7-year-old children.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com