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Two ESAS questionnaire.
Switching between the same two ESAs was counted only once per patient, and only the first switch after the index date was taken into account.
This also contributes to fixing the receptor binding affinities of rHuEPO and darbepoetin, whereas the knowledge of receptor binding affinities of these two ESAs is well documented in the literature.
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Symptom Distress Score, the summation of the nine ESAS items is used as in the original publication [ 35].
By this time, however, two more ESAs (epoetin beta and darbepoetin alfa) had been administered.
The four questionnaires (ESAS, PNPC-sv, HADS and NCQ) will be completed at home every four weeks during the study participation.
Taking into account all of the ESAs together, of a total of 4006 switchers (17.0 %) between different ESAs, 398 ESAs users (9.9 %) switched to Mircera.
There were statistically significant reductions in eight of nine symptoms measured by the ESAS, including the global distress score, as well as significant differences in most of the domains measured by the STAI-S.
In 2009 ESAs expenditure reached €43 million, with 94% and 6% MS for original and biosimilar ESAs respectively, whilst in 2010 an inverse tendency appeared presenting an increase of MS of biosimilars to 19%.
We present results of gravity modeling of published seismic refraction and reflection profiles acquired between 1989 and 2012 over the ESAS and adjacent Arctic Ocean along five composite geotransects using Getech's satellite altimeter-derived gravity data.
Of all hospitals (n = 37) only four (11%) reported to use the ESAS, one (3%) the POS, and none the RAI-MDS or RAI-PC.
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