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The covariance between fitness and trait value determines the strength of natural selection.
Genotype environment interactions for both traits suggest that plasticity is largely independent of the trait value, and that there is potential for evolutionary change.
The japonica alleles increased the trait value in both studies.
Both figures plot average trait value between the two parents (mid-parent trait value) and the trait values for each resulting offspring.
The TGW showed a bimodal distribution with 23.5 as the trait value boundary.
The average trait value of each accession was used in data analyses of GWAS.
The evolutionary response is symbolized as R, and is calculated as the average trait value in the current generation (offspring) subtracted from the average trait value in the previous generation (parents).
This indicated the genetic bases of GCA and trait value for YD and SS may be quite different.
Upward and downward triangles indicate that the trait value was increased by the Sasanishiki or Habataki allele, respectively.
Arrows represent the trait value of the parental lines; TARI-08874 (P1), 'Bai-li-gua' (P2) and F1.
I also found that a takeover of coevolution is likely to occur if a second prey invades when the resident system is unstable and shows population and trait value oscillations, because the predator's trait value in the original system oscillates and the difference between the invading prey's trait value and the predator's trait value will inevitably be sometimes small.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com