Until this breakthrough, all the mechanical aids to calculation were merely calculators or, like the Difference Engine, glorified calculators.
Moreover, well over half of the computer's memory could, when needed, be devoted to the display of information on the Alto screen rather than to calculation.
But math educators mostly agree that this reflects an overemphasis on narrow, skills-based teaching, with more attention to calculation than to problem-solving.
The French mathematician Pierre-Simon de Laplace, in the early 19th century, called probability "good sense reduced to calculation".
In 1976, he sketched out a humanist critique of computer technology in his book "Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to Calculation".
Bureaucracy is central to the rise of capitalism because bureaucracies, at least according to Weber, make decisions that are predictable and, hence, amenable to calculation.
Grain and straw yields of malting barley were adjusted downwards by 10% prior to calculation.
However, the background has some residual independent flow due to calculation errors.
Prior to calculation of the aragonite surface, the structural parameters of aragonite were simulated.
According to calculation based on BJH desorption, the catalysts have mesopore type (2 50 nm).
Prior to calculation, we consider t0 to be the energy unit.
