Constantine's major legacy to the empire was root-and-branch fiscal reform, which put efficient tax-collection at the heart of the entire bureaucratic system.
Only the gene trees for the clock-like genes were considered to be rooted and relative branch lengths were calculated with respect to ancestral nodes only (and not also with respect to daughter nodes).
But Tom Devine, professor of history at the University of Edinburgh, said: "I am root-and-branch opposed to Gove's approach.
He said: "What pleases me most is how popular it is with British people who were root and branch opposed to it when it was first proposed.
It was a criticism, albeit somewhat self-deprecating, of a widely praised international environmental policy, and it spoke to a resentment toward environmental regulation that is root and branch ideology these days within the Republican Party.
It is root and branch of his philosophy, the healthier part of his inheritance from Albert Gore Sr .and Mr. Clinton.
So what almost everyone here tells tell you that the only way forward is for the system to be dismantled root and branch, replaced with something – in Tsaliki's words – "clean, competent, conscientious, trustworthy".
"I think Ukip needs to be reformed root and branch and we will be looking at that," said Banks.
McConnell has repeatedly called for Obamacare to be repealed "root and branch," while Congress has voted scores of times to rescind it.
"Fifa needs to be examined root and branch.
But these are micro-management issues compared with the real job to be done on pensions which is to introduce root-and-branch reform.
