These modelling concepts are illustrated in the context of an urban database.
These modelling techniques encompass the finite element method (FEM), extended finite element method (XFEM), discrete element method (DEM) and combined finite-discrete element method (FEM/DEM).
These modelling results allowed the estimation of the snow load at 96 low-elevation stations, eight higher elevation stations and one high-altitude station based on the monthly maximum snow depths and the model estimated snow densities.
These modelling methodologies thus complement the process knowledge included in white-box models with predictions based on data in areas where the white-box model assumptions are not valid or where white-box models do not provide accurate predictions.
These modelling techniques have been combined with different design-based and model-based estimators to produce change estimates and confidence intervals.
These modelling techniques were predominantly mathematical in nature, requiring reliable quantitative data and a well-defined problem context, conditions which generally only applied within relatively short-term tactical or operational problem situations.
The combination of these modelling techniques within automated program control strategy is suggested as a new approach for straightforward and accessible machine vision calibration.
With these modelling techniques it is possible to obtain the global behaviour of the structure, but losing in accuracy of local stiffness evaluation.
Using these modelling techniques, Malthus' population principle of growth was later transformed into a model known as the logistic equation: : \frac{dN}{dT} = aN\left 1-\frac{N}{K}\right), where N is the number of individuaN\left 1-\frac{biomass deN}{ty, a is the maximum per-capita rate of change, and K}\right carrying capacity of the population.
This study uses these modelling techniques in order to define the first evidence-based global environmental risk maps of the leishmaniases.
To date, several studies have reported a number of analyses and protocols in relation to myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion (reviewed in Ferrero et al).. Future work should focus on broadening the applicability of these modelling techniques outside of the realm of pharmacology, and towards novel cardioprotective strategies.
