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The numeracy of patients refers not only to the capacity of understanding numerical formats accurately, but also to graphical formats.
The misclassifications resulted from overestimation of the numeracy of subjects of low numeracy group and when the calibration set is not representative of the testing sample, as in scheme (b), these misclassifications were found to increase.
For instance, a recent clinical study using the Lipkus scale found the numeracy of epilepsy patients to be significantly lower than healthy controls even though educational attainments were lower in the control group [ 12].
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The numeracy project, of which this is part, is funded by NHS Education for Scotland (NES).
The program increased the numeracy levels of the children in the program and produced significantly greater gains in numeracy than were evident for the children in the contrast groups.
The current result is also in line with the recent study assessing the numeracy skills of students at top universities in 15 counties [ 16].
We expected a positive correlation between performance on TAIMI and the scales translated in this study, specifically for the numeracy items of TAIMI (TAIMI-num).
Therefore, we expected a positive correlation between performance on TAIMI and the scales translated in this study, especially for the numeracy items of TAIMI (TAIMI-num).
As expected, the associations were stronger with TAIMI-num, the numeracy component of the TAIMI scale (Spearman's ρ, with Schwartz-J, 0.42; Lipkus-J, 0.46), than with TAIMI-all (Spearman's ρ, with Schwartz-J, 0.29; Lipkus-J, 0.33).
The aim of this study is twofold: 1) to evaluate Japanese versions of numeracy scales, and 2) to assess the health numeracy of Japanese adults.
By evaluating the health numeracy of Japanese, and its measurement instruments, our study is a step towards improving medical risk communication.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com